Apps on closed networks destroy wealth. That’s one implication of Steven Berlin Johnson’s fresh argument:
What you see on this [Google search results] page is, in a very real sense, textual play: the recombining of words into new forms and associations that their original creators never dreamed of. But what separates it from the textual play that I was earnestly studying twenty years ago is the fact that it has engendered a two hundred billion dollar business.
via The Browser; a fact which is, in itself, a supporting argument.